Showing posts with label Nuclear medicine. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Nuclear medicine. Show all posts

Friday, 24 June 2016

Radiology: The "Eyes of Medicine"








Radiology:
The "Eyes of Medicine"


Wessam Bou-Assaly,  MD
 

Radiology is a branch of medicine that uses different imaging techniques to diagnose and treat diseases.
 
Many modalities, including X-ray/radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), nuclear medicine (including positron emission tomography, PET), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are used by the Radiologist to diagnose and/or treat diseases.
 
Radiology is crucial in healthcare system since it provides a major step in treating patients, putting the finger on where the problem is and producing images of the internal organs of the body, which clinicians, of medical and surgical specialties, cannot see and evaluate.
 
The Radiologist, a physician and medical imaging expert, with specialized training in obtaining and interpreting medical images, works as part of the clinical team taking care of patients and participating actively in decision making to treat them.
 
For abdominal pain, signs of stroke, trauma after an accident, knees, neck and back pain, pregnancy and fetus evaluation, concern for surgical emergencies, screening for cancers such breast cancer, diagnosing tumor and evaluating their spread; the clinicians find no way around the Radiologist to obtain an as much accurate diagnosis as possible, with highly advanced imaging modalities, before planning any treatment for their patient.
 
Like the eyes for our bodies, shedding light on the external world around us, guiding our steps, coordinating our action, managing our reflexes, planning our moves, maintaining a safe environment for us, Radiology is the Eyes of Medicine, opening the body for us, shedding light on our internal world, without a single skin cut, and painting an image of our internal organs, showing what went wrong inside our bodies, and helping us plan an accurate treatment for our disease.
 
After all, who wants to drive a car blindly with closed eyes!



Sunday, 12 June 2016

What is Nuclear medicine

What is Nuclear Medicine?

Nuclear medicine refers to medications that are attached to a radioisotope (radioactive material); the drug is called a radiopharmaceutical. Several different radiopharmaceuticals are available today to study various parts of the body and treat some conditions and diseases.

The radioisotope which is attached to the drug is usually called a "tracer". The most common tracers used in nuclear medicine are thallium-201 and fludeoxyglucose (18F) (18F-FDG), gallium-67, indium-111), iodine-131, iodine-123, and technetium-99m.

The radiopharmaceutical is administered either by injection, orally (swallowing) or as an inhalation. It is designed to target a specific part of the body where there might be some abnormality or disease. The radioactive part of the drug emits gamma rays which are detected using a gamma camera. The doctor can then see what is happening inside the body.

Nuclear medicine is commonly used to evaluate the gallbladder, liver, thyroid, lungs and heart. Physiological function can be determined well using nuclear medicine, rather than anatomical detail.

Nuclear medicine can, for example, be used to identify lesions deep inside the body without having to open up with patient (surgery). It can also determine whether certain organs are working properly; it can determine whether the heart is pumping blood adequately, or whether the brain is getting enough blood, and whether the brain cells are functioning properly.

After having a heart attack, nuclear medicine procedures can help accurately assess the damage to the patient's heart.

Nuclear medicine is useful in locating the brain sites of seizures (epilepsy), Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.

Nuclear medicine can also be used to treat patients. Thousands of people with hyperthyroidism are treated every year using radioactive iodine. Certain types of cancers, as well as bone pain resulting from cancer can also be treated.

With the most advanced equipment, nuclear medicine images can be used almost simultaneously with CT scans, making detailed anatomical studies possible.